Toxicological risk from ingestion of cadmium through rice and wheat flour
Keywords:
Cadmium/toxicity, Inorganic Food Contaminants, Theoretical and Actual RiskAbstract
Introduction: among the food contaminants of environmental origin is the metal Cadmium, which produces toxic effects on health. In Cuba there is little evidence on the toxicological risk at consumption levels. Objective: to characterize the toxicological risk due to Cadmium ingestion in individuals of different population groups in four provinces of Cuba. Method: cadmium levels were quantified in rice and wheat flour samples. Surveys were applied to determine food consumption by population groups (primary, secondary and university students, workers and retired people) and by provinces (Mayabeque, Havana, Camagüey and Santiago de Cuba). The Theoretical Maximum Weekly Intake and Effective Weekly Cadmium Intake were estimated for all individuals. Associations between potential and effective risk for Cadmium intake were explored. Results: Cadmium levels in rice and wheat flour samples were below the maximum permissible level for this metal. The mean Theoretical Maximum Weekly Intake values were above the Provisional Tolerable Monthly Intake value and the mean Effective Weekly Intake value for Cadmium was below the Provisional Tolerable Monthly Intake value. Conclusions: the characterization of the toxicological risk due to cadmium ingestion in the population studied, allowed verifying that the levels of cadmium in rice and wheat flour samples, were below the Maximum Permissible Level. There was no effective risk of suffering health problems associated with cadmium ingestion.
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