Caracterización odontológica de pacientes con diagnóstico de demencia institucionalizados del municipio Holguín
Keywords:
demencia, enfermedad bucal, enfermedad periodontalAbstract
RESUMEN
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de series de casos en 37 pacientes geriátricos
Institucionalizados en el Hogar de Anciano: Jesús Menéndez Larrondo, del Municipio Holguín con diagnóstico de Demencia, en el período comprendido de abril a junio del 2011, con el objetivo de describir las condiciones odontológicas en estos pacientes. Se estudiaron las siguientes variables: enfermedad bucal, intensidad de la enfermedad Periodontal, tiempo de diagnóstico de la demencia y edad. Se constató la presencia de enfermedades bucales predominando en 96.6% de pacientes la Disfunción Masticatoria seguida por las Periodontopatías en un 81.8%, las Caries en un 48.6% y las lesiones premalignas en un 13.5%. La intensidad de la enfermedad Periodontal fue elevada predominando la Destrucción avanzada con un 32.5% y Gingivitis con formación de bolsas con un 29.7%, siendo más intensa en el grupo de edad de 80 y más años y en pacientes con más de 5 años de diagnóstico de la demencia. El 64.9% de pacientes examinados presentó una higiene bucal inadecuada, coincidiendo con los de mayor tiempo de diagnóstico de la demencia. Recomendamos la creación y ejecución de estrategias para mejorar el estado de salud bucodental de estos pacientes, así como la capacitación en postgrados del profesional estomatológico encargado de su atención.
ABSTRACT
It was carried out a descriptive study of series of cases in 37 geriatrics patients
Institutionalized in Old man's Home: Jesus Menendez Larrondo, of the Municipality Holguín with diagnostic of Insanity, in the understood period of April to June of the 2011, with the objective of describing the health dental conditions in these patients. The following variables were studied: buccal illness, intensity of the Periodontal illness, time of diagnostic of the insanity and age. The presence of buccal illnesses was verified prevailing in 96.6% of patient the dysfunctions in the mastication continued by the in periodontal illness 81.8%, the Cavity in 48.6% and the lesion before the malignancy 13.5%. The intensity of the Periodontal illness was high prevailing the advanced Destruction with 32.5% and Gingivitis with formation of bags with 29.7%, being more intense in the group of age of 80 and more years and in patient with more than 5 years of diagnostic of the insanity. 64.9% of examined patients presented an inadequate buccal hygiene, coinciding with those of more time of diagnostic of the insanity. We recommend the creation and execution of strategies to improve the state of these patients', health buccal and dental as well as the training in graduate degrees of the professional dentist in charge of their attention.
Palabras Claves. Demencia, enfermedad bucal, enfermedad Periodontal.
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