Dental malocclusion in elementary school children Adalberto Pessant
Keywords:
Malocclusions, School children, Risk factors, Children, Oral habitsAbstract
Introduction: dental malocclusion is one of the main reasons for consultation in stomatology worldwide due to the deterioration of the esthetics of patients and its repercussions on social life. Treatment in the world is one of the most expensive in medical care. Objective: to identify the predisposing risk factors for dental malocclusion in children of the Adalberto Pessant elementary school. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out on the predisposing risk factors of dental malocclusion in children of the Adalberto Pessant elementary school in the period from 2017 to 2019 in the municipality of Manzanillo, Granma province. The universe was made up of 62 school patients with a diagnosis of dental malocclusion during the period of study of the research. Results: the male sex predominated (54.8 %). The transverse distance between the palatal faces of the upper second primary molars in the majority of patients was less than 30 millimeters (54.8 %). Class I malocclusion was the most frequent (56.5 %). Most of the children presented deforming oral habits (79 %) and growth spaces (56.4 %). Conclusions: male sex, the presence of dental caries and deforming oral habits constitute fundamental risk factors for the development of malocclusions, type I being the most frequent. Most of the children present growth spaces and the absence of primate spaces in both dental arches.
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